The Sumerian King List

Wheel of Heaven Translation

Kingship descended from heaven — the antediluvian kings of Eridug, Bad-tibira, Larag, Zimbir and Curuppag, their impossibly long reigns, the flood that swept over, and the post-diluvian dynasties down to Isin

Established or uncontested across mainstream sources, or a direct description of the project itself. Foundational premise of the Wheel of Heaven framework. Explicit in the Raëlian canon; not endorsed by mainstream scholarship. A reasonable reading of comparative material — not stated literally, but consistent with the source. Interpretive synthesis or hypothesis that goes beyond what any single source states.

Wheel of Heaven Translation of the Sumerian King List (ETCSL 2.1.1), produced from the ETCSL composite transliteration. Opens with 'After the kingship descended from heaven' — the antediluvian section gives five cities and eight kings with reigns of tens of thousands of years (Alulim of Eridug: 28,800 years), the WoH-direct pair to Genesis 5 and Berossus; then 'the flood swept over' and kingship descends from heaven a second time, running through the post-diluvian dynasties of Kic, Unug, Urim, Akcak, Agade and on to Isin. 435 composite lines, including manuscript-insertion lines (73A, 249A etc.), the unnumbered variant lines A-D, and the concluding dynastic summary (lines 378-431).

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The Sumerian King List — kingship descends from heaven, the antediluvian kings and the flood, and the dynasties down to Isin

1
After kingship had descended from heaven,
[nam]-lugal an-ta ed3-de3-a-ba
2
kingship was in Eridug.
/eridug\^ki nam-lugal-la
3
In Eridug, Alulim became king;
eridug^ki a2-lu-lim lugal
4
he ruled for 28800 years.
mu 28800 i3-ak
5
Alaljar ruled for 36000 years.
a2-lal3-ĝar mu 36000 i3-ak
6
2 kings;
2 lugal
7
they ruled for 64800 years.
mu-<bi> 64800 ib2-ak
8
Then Eridug was abandoned,
eridug^ki ba-šub
9
and its kingship, to Bad-tibira,
nam-lugal-bi bad3-tibira^ki-še3
10
was carried away.
ba-de6
11
In Bad-tibira, Enmenluana became king;
bad3-tibira^ki en-me-en-lu2-an-na
12
he ruled for 43200 years.
mu 43200 i3-ak
13
Enmengalana
en-me-en-gal-an-na
14
ruled for 28800 years.
mu 28800 i3-ak
15
Dumuzid, the shepherd, ruled for 36000 years.
^ddumu-zid sipad mu 36000 i3-ak
16
3 kings;
3 lugal
17
they ruled for 108000 years.
mu-bi 108000 ib2-ak
18
Then Bad-tibira was abandoned,
bad3-tibira^ki ba-šub-be2-en
19
and its kingship was carried off to Larag.
nam-lugal-bi la-ra-ag^ki-še3 ba-de6
20
In Larag, Ensipadzidana became king;
la-ra-ag^ki en-sipad-zid-an-na
21
he ruled for 28800 years.
mu 28800 i3-ak
22
1 king;
1 lugal
23
he ruled for 28800 years.
mu-bi 28800 ib2-ak
24
Then Larag was abandoned,
la-ra-ag^ki ba-šub-be2-en
25
and its kingship was carried off to Zimbir.
nam-lugal-bi zimbir^ki-še3 ba-de6
26
In Zimbir, Enmendurana became king;
zimbir^ki en-me-en-dur2-an-na
27
he was king; he ruled for 21000 years.
lugal-am3 mu 21000 i3-ak
28
1 king;
1 lugal
29
he ruled for 21000 years.
mu-bi 21000 ib2-ak
30
Then Zimbir was abandoned,
zimbir^ki ba-šub-be2-en
31
and its kingship was carried off to Šuruppag.
nam-lugal-bi šuruppag^ki-<še3> ba-de6
32
In Šuruppag, Ubara-Tutu became king;
šuruppag^ki ubara-tu3-tu3
33
he was king; he ruled for 18600 years.
lugal-am3 mu 18600 i3-ak
34
1 king;
1 lugal
35
he ruled for 18600 years.
mu-bi 18600 ib2-ak
36
These are 5 cities.
5 iri^ki-me-eš
37
8 kings;
8 lugal
38
they ruled for 241200 years.
mu-<bi> 241200 ib2-ak
39
Then the flood swept over.
a-ma-ru ba-ur3-«ra-ta»
40
After the flood had swept over,
eĝer a-ma-ru ba-ur3-ra-ta
41
and after kingship had descended from heaven,
nam-lugal an-ta ed3-de3-a-ba
42
kingship was in Kiš.
kiš^ki nam-lugal-la
43
In Kiš, Ĝušur became king;
kiš^ki ĝušurx(ĜIŠ.UR3)
44
he was king;
lugal-am3
45
he ruled for 1200 years.
mu 1200 i3-ak
46
Kullassina-bel
kul2-la-si2-na-/be\-el
47
ruled for 960 {alternate manuscript: 900} years.
mu {960} {() 900} i3-ak
48
Nangišlišma
na-an-ĝiš-li-iš-ma
49
ruled for 670 years.
() {/670\} mu i3-ak
50
Entarahana
en-taraḫ-an-na-ke4
51
ruled for 420 years, … times(?), 3 months and 3½ days.
() {420} mu a-ra2 X [(X)]-am3 itid 3 ud 3 1/2 i3-ak
52
Babum …
ba-bu-um X [(X)]
53
ruled for 300 years.
() {300} mu i3-[ak]
54
Puannum ruled for 840 {alternate manuscript: 240} years.
pu-an-/nu-um\ mu {/840\} {() /240\} i3-ak
55
Kalibum
ka3-li2-bu-um
56
ruled for 960 {alternate manuscript: 900} years.
mu {960} {() 900} i3-ak
57
Kalumum ruled for 840 {alternate manuscript: 900} years.
ka-lu-mu-um mu {840} {() 900} i3-ak
58
Zuqaqip
zu2-qa2-qi4-ip
59
ruled for 900 {alternate manuscript: 600} years.
mu {900} {() 600} i3-ak
60
Atab {alternate manuscript: Aba} ruled for 600 years.
{a2-tab} {() a2-ba} mu 600 i3-ak
61
Mašda, the son of Atab, ruled for 840 {alternate manuscript: 720} years.
<maš-da3 dumu> a2-tab-ba mu {840} {() 720} i3-ak
62
Arwium, the son of Mašda,
ar-wi-u2-um dumu maš-da3-ke4
63
ruled for 720 years.
mu 720 i3-ak
64
Etana, the shepherd, the one who ascended to heaven,
e-ta-na sipad lu2 an-še3
65
who ascended,
ba-ed3-de3
66
who made all the lands secure,
lu2 kur-kur mu-un-gen6-na
67
he was king; he ruled for 1500 {alternate manuscript: 635} years.
lugal-am3 mu {1500} {() 635} i3-ak
68
Balih,
ba-li-iḫ
69
the son of Etana,
dumu e-ta-na-ke4
70
ruled for 400 {alternate manuscript: 410} years.
mu {400} {() 410} i3-ak
71
Enmenuna ruled for 660 {alternate manuscript: 621} years.
en-me-nun-na mu {660} {() 621} i3-ak
72
Melam-Kiš, the son of Enmenuna,
me-lem4-kiš^ki dumu en-me-nun-na-ke4
73
ruled for 900 years.
mu 900 i3-ak
73A
1560 years: the reign of Enmenuna.
1560 mu bal en-me-nun-na-kam
74
Barsalnuna, the son of Enmenuna, {alternate manuscript: Barsalnuna,}
{bar-sal-nun-na dumu en-me-nun-na-ke4} {() bar-sal-nun-na}
75
ruled for 1200 years.
mu 1200 i3-ak
76
Zamug, the son of Barsalnuna,
zamug(DUB)^za-mug dumu bar-sal-nun-na-ke4
77
ruled for 140 years.
mu 140 i3-ak
78
Tizqar, the son of Zamug,
ti-iz-qar dumu zamug(DUB)^za-mug-ke4
79
ruled for 305 years.
mu 305^! i3-ak
79A
1620(?) + … years(?).
1620^? + X X [X X] X MU^?
80
Ilku ruled for 900 years.
il-ku-u2 mu 900 i3-ak
81
Iltasadum
il-ta-sa-du-um
82
ruled for 1200 years.
mu 1200 i3-ak
83
Enmebaragesi,
en-me-en-barag-ge-si
84
the one who, over the land of Elam,
lu2 ma-da elam^ki-ma
85
carried off its weapons as spoil,
^ĝištukul-bi ib2-ta-an-gam
86
he was king; he ruled for 900 years.
lugal-am3 mu 900 i3-ak
87
Aga,
ag-ga3
88
the son of Enmebaragesi,
dumu en-me-en-barag-ge-si-ke4
89
ruled for 625 years.
mu 625 i3-ak
89A
1525 years: the reign.
/1525 mu\ [bal]
89B
Enmebaragesi.
en-me-/barag\-[ge4-e-si]
90
23 kings;
23 lugal
91
they ruled for 24510 years, 3 months,
mu-bi 24510 itid 3
92
and 3½ days.
ud 3 ud 1/2 ib2-ak
93
Then Kiš was defeated by force of arms,
kiš^ki ^ĝištukul ba-an-sag3
94
and its kingship was carried off to E-ana.
nam-lugal-bi e2-an-na-še3 ba-de6
95
In E-ana,
e2-an-na-ka
96
Meškiaĝgašer,
meš3-ki-aĝ2-ga-še-er
97
the son of Utu, was lord;
dumu ^dutu en-am3
98
he was king; he ruled for 324 {alternate manuscript: 325} years.
lugal-am3 mu {/324\} {() 325} i3-ak
99
Meškiaĝgašer
meš3-ki-aĝ2-ga-še-er
100
entered the sea
ab-ba ba-an-kur9
101
and came up out of it into the mountains.
ḫur-saĝ-še3 ba-an-ed3
102
Enmerkar, the son of Meškiaĝgašer,
en-me-er-kar2 dumu meš3-ki-aĝ2-ga-še-er
103
the king of Unug, the one who Unug
lugal unug^ki-ga lu2 unug^ki
104
built {alternate manuscript: built up},
{mu-un-du3-a} {() mu-un-da-du3-a}
105
he was king;
lugal-am3
106
he ruled for 420 {alternate manuscript: 900 + …} years.
mu {420} {() X + 900} i3-ak
106A
745 years: the reign of Meškiĝašer(?).
745 mu [bal] meš3-ki-in-ga-še^?-[er]
106B
Enam, the king … , ruled for … + 5 years.
en-am3 lugal-SI.NAM.SAR /mu\ [X] + /5\ in-ak
107
Lugalbanda, the shepherd,
^dlugal-ban3-da sipad
108
ruled for 1200 years.
mu 1200 i3-ak
109
Dumuzid, the fisherman,
^ddumu-zid šu-KU6
110
whose city was Kuara,
iri^ki-ni kuara^ki
111
ruled for 100 {alternate manuscript: 110} years.
mu {100} {() 110} i3-ak
111A
As a single entry(?): Enmebaragesi(?)
šu dili en^?-me-barag-ge4-e-si
111B
he took (it) as booty(?).
nam-ra /i3^?\-ak^?
112
Gilgameš,
^dgilgameš3
113
whose father was a phantom,
ab-ba-ni lil2-la2
114
the lord of Kulaba,
en kul-ab-ba-ke4
115
ruled for 126 years.
mu 126 i3-ak
116
Ur-Nungal,
ur-^dnun-gal
117
the son of Gilgameš,
dumu ^dgilgameš2
118
ruled for 30 years.
mu 30 i3-ak
119
Udul-kalama,
u-dul3-kalam-ma
120
the son of Ur-Nungal {alternate manuscript: Ur-lugal},
dumu {ur-^dnun-gal-ke4} {() ur-lugal-ke4}
121
ruled for 15 years.
mu 15 i3-ak
122
La-ba’šum(?)
la-ba-/a’^?-šum^?\
123
ruled for 9 years.
mu 9 i3-ak
124
Ennun-tarahana
en-nun-taraḫ-an-na
125
ruled for 8 years.
mu 8 i3-ak
126
Meš-He(?), the smith, ruled for 36 years.
/meš3^?\-ḫe2 simug mu 36 i3-ak
127
Melam-ana {alternate manuscript: Til-kug …},
{me-lem4-an-na} {() til3-kug X […]}
128
ruled for 6 {alternate manuscript: 900} years.
mu {6} {() 900} i3-ak
129
Lugal-kitun(?) ruled for 36 {alternate manuscript: 420} years.
lugal-ki-tun3^? mu {36} {() 420} i3-ak
130
12 kings;
12 lugal
131
they ruled for 2310 {alternate manuscript: 3588} years.
mu-bi {2310} {() 3588} ib2-ak
132
Then Unug was defeated by force of arms,
unug^ki ^ĝištukul ba-an-sag3
133
and its kingship was carried off to Urim.
nam-lugal-bi urim2^ki-še3 ba-de6
134
In Urim,
urim2^ki-ma
135
Mešanepada
meš3-an-ne2-pad3-da
136
was king; he ruled for 80 years.
lugal-am3 mu 80 i3-ak
137
Meškiaĝ-Nanna {alternate manuscript: Meškiaĝnuna},
{meš3-ki-aĝ2-^dnanna} {() meš3-ki-aĝ2-nun-na}
138
the son of Mešanepada,
dumu meš3-an-ne2-pad3-da
139
was king;
lugal-am3
140
he ruled for 36 {alternate manuscript: 30} years.
mu {36} {() 30} i3-ak
141
Elulu ruled for 25 years.
e-lu-lu mu () {25} i3-ak
142
Balulu ruled for 36 years.
ba-lu-lu () {36} mu i3-ak
143
4 kings;
() {4} lugal
144
they ruled for 171 years.
mu-bi () {/171\} ib2-ak
145
Then Urim was defeated by force of arms,
urim2^ki [^ĝištukul] ba-an-sag3
146
and its kingship
nam-lugal-[bi]
147
was carried off to Awan.
a-wa-an^ki-[še3] [ba-de6]
148
In Awan,
a-wa-an^ki-[na]
149
… was king;
[… lugal-am3]
150
he ruled for … years.
[mu … i3-ak]
152
ruled for … years.
mu [… i3-ak]
153
Kul-… ,
ku-ul-[…]
154
ruled for 36 years.
mu 36 [i3-ak]
155
3 kings;
3 [lugal]
156
they ruled for 356 years.
mu-bi /356\ [ib2-ak]
157
Then Awan was defeated by force of arms,
a-wa-an^ki ^ĝiš/tukul\ [ba]-/an\-sag3
158
and its kingship
nam-lugal-bi
159
was carried off to Kiš.
kiš^ki-še3 /ba-de6\
160
In Kiš, Susuda, the fuller,
kiš^ki su8-sud3-da ^lu2azlag2
161
was king;
lugal-am3
162
he ruled for 201 + … years.
mu 201 + X /i3\-ak
163
Dadasig ruled for 81 years.
da-da-sig mu () {81} i3-ak
164
Mamagal, the boatman,
ma2-ma2-gal ^lu2ma2-laḫ4-e
165
ruled for 360 {alternate manuscript: 420} years.
mu {360} {() 420} i3-ak
166
Kalbum,
ka-al-bu-um
167
the son of Mamagal {alternate manuscript: Magalgal},
dumu {ma2-ma2-gal-ke4} {() ma2-gal-gal-/la\}
168
ruled for 195 {alternate manuscript: 132} years.
mu {195} {() 132} i3-ak
169
Tuge ruled for 360 years.
TUG2-e mu 360 i3-ak
170
Mennuna {alternate manuscript: the son of Tuge} ruled for 180 years.
men-nun-na {() dumu TUG2-e-ke4} mu 180 i3-ak
171
Ibi-… ,
i-bi-X-X
172
ruled for 290(?) years.
mu 290^? i3-ak
173
Lugalngu ruled for 360 {alternate manuscript: 420} years.
lugal-ĝu10 mu {360} {() 420} i3-ak
174
8 kings;
8 lugal
175
they ruled for 3195 {alternate manuscript: 3792} years.
mu-bi {3195} {() 3792} ib2-ak
176
Then Kiš was defeated by force of arms,
kiš^ki ^ĝištukul ba-an-sag3
177
and its kingship
nam-lugal-bi
178
was carried off to Hamazi.
ḫa-ma-zi2^ki-še3 ba-de6
179
In Hamazi, Hadaniš
ḫa-ma-zi2^ki-a ḫa-da-ni-iš
180
was king;
lugal-am3
181
he ruled for 360 years (6 × 60).
mu 6 šu-ši i3-ak
182
1 king;
1 lugal
183
he ruled for 360 years (6 × 60).
mu-bi 6 šu-ši ib2-ak
184
Then Hamazi was defeated by force of arms,
ḫa-ma-zi2^ki ^ĝištukul ba-an-sag3
185
and its kingship was carried off to Unug {alternate manuscript: the kingship was returned to Unug for a second time}.
{nam-lugal-bi unug^ki-še3 ba-de6} {() [nam]-/lugal\ a-ra2 2-kam-ma-še3 [unug]^ki-še3^? ba^?-e^?-gur^?}
186
In Unug, Enšakanšana
unug^ki-ga en-šakkan2-ša4-an-na
187
was king; he ruled for 60 years (1 × 60).
lugal-am3 mu 1 šu-ši i3-ak
188
Lugal-ure {alternate manuscript: Lugal-kineše-dudu} ruled for 120 years (2 × 60).
{lugal-ur-e} {() lugal-ki-/ni^?-še3^?\-[du7-du7]} 2 šu-ši mu i3-/ak\
189
Argandea ruled for 7 years.
ar-ga-an-de2-a 7 mu i3-ak
190
3 kings; they ruled for 187 years.
() {3} lugal mu-bi () {187} ib2-ak
191
Then Unug was defeated by force of arms {alternate manuscript: was destroyed},
unug^ki {^ĝištukul ba-sag3} {() ba-gul}
192
and its kingship was carried off to Urim.
/nam\-lugal-bi /urim2\-[še3] [ba-de6]
193
In Urim, Nanni
/urim2\-ma na-an-ni
194
was king;
lugal-am3
195
he ruled for 120 + … {alternate manuscript: … + 54} years.
mu {() 120 + X} {() X + 54} i3-ak
196
Meškiaĝ-Nanna, the son of Nanni,
meš3-ki-aĝ2-^d/nanna\ dumu na-an-ni-ke4
197
ruled for 48(?) years.
mu () {/48^?\} i3-ak
198
… ruled …
[…]-ak
199
… ,
[…] X-ke4
200
ruled for 2 years.
mu () {/2\} i3-ak
201
3 kings;
() {3} lugal
202
they ruled for 582 {alternate manuscript: 578} years.
mu-bi {() 582} {() /578\} ib2-ak
A
2 kings;
2 /lugal\
B
they ruled for 120 + … years.
mu-bi 120 + X /i3\-ib2-ak
203
Then Urim was defeated by force of arms {alternate manuscript: was destroyed},
urim2^ki {^ĝištukul ba-sag3} {() /ba-gul\}
204
and its kingship was carried off to Adab.
[nam]-lugal-/bi\ adab^ki-še3 ba-de6
205
In Adab, Lugal-Anemundu
adab^ki-/ba^?\ lugal-an-ne2-mu-un-du3
206
was king; he ruled for 90 years.
lugal-am3 mu () {90} in-ak
207
1 king;
() {1} lugal
208
he ruled for 90 years.
mu-bi () {90} in-ak
209
Then Adab was defeated by force of arms {alternate manuscript: was destroyed},
adab^ki {^ĝištukul ba-an-sag3} {() tukul ba-gul}
210
and its kingship was carried off to Mari.
nam-lugal-bi ma-ri2^ki-še3 ba-de6
211
In Mari, Anbu
ma-ri2^ki-a AN.BU
212
was king; he ruled for 30 {alternate manuscript: 90} years.
lugal-am3 mu {30} {() 90} i3-ak
213
Anba, the son of Anbu,
AN.BA dumu AN.BU-ke4
214
ruled for 17 {alternate manuscript: 7} years.
mu {[17]} {() 7} i3-ak
215
Bazi, the leatherworker, ruled for 30 years.
«AN» ba-zi ^lu2ašgab mu 30 i3-ak
216
Zizi, the fuller, ruled for 20 years.
zi-zi ^lu2azlag2 mu 20 i3-ak
217
Limer, the gudug-priest, ruled for 30 years.
/li^?\-im-er gudug mu 30 i3-ak
218
Šarrum-iter ruled for 9 {alternate manuscript: 7} years.
šarrum-i-ter mu {9} {() 7} i3-ak
219
6 kings;
6 lugal
220
they ruled for 136 {alternate manuscript: 184} years.
mu-bi {136} {() /184\} i3-ak
221
Then Mari was defeated by force of arms {alternate manuscript: was destroyed},
/ma\-ri^ki {[^ĝištukul] ba-an-sag3} {() ba-gul}
222
and its kingship
nam-lugal-bi
223
was carried off to Kiš.
kiš^ki-še3 ba-de6
224
In Kiš, Kug-Bau,
kiš^ki-a kug-^dba-u2
225
the woman tavern-keeper,
^flu2-kurun-na
226
who made firm the foundations of Kiš,
suḫuš kiš^ki mu-un-gen6-na
227
became king; she ruled for 100 years.
lugal-am3 mu 100 i3-ak
228
1 king;
1 lugal
229
she ruled for 100 years.
mu-bi 100 i3-ak
230
Then Kiš was defeated by force of arms {alternate manuscript: was destroyed},
kiš^ki {[^ĝištukul] ba-an-sag3} {() /ba-gul\}
231
and its kingship was carried off to Akšak.
nam-lugal-bi akšak^ki-<še3> ba-de6
232
In Akšak, Unzi
akšak^ki-a un-zi
233
was king; he ruled for 30 years.
lugal-am3 mu 30 i3-ak
234
Undalulu ruled for 6 {alternate manuscript: 12} years.
un-da-lu-lu mu {6} {() 12} i3-ak
235
Ur-Ur ruled for 6 years {alternate manuscript: was there for 6 years}.
ur-ur mu 6 {i3-ak} {() ĝal2}
236
Puzur-Nirah ruled for 20 years.
puzur4-^dniraḫ mu () {20} i3-ak
237
Išu-Il ruled for 24 years.
i-šu-il mu () {24} i3-ak
238
Šu-Suen, the son of Išu-Il, ruled for 7 {alternate manuscript: 24} years.
šu-^dsuen dumu i-šu-il-la-ke4 mu {() 7} {() 24} i3-ak
239
6 {alternate manuscript: 5} kings;
{() 6} {() 5} lugal
240
they ruled for 99 {alternate manuscript: 116} {alternate manuscript: 87} years.
mu-bi {() 99} {() 116} {() 87} ib2-ak
241
Then Akšak was defeated by force of arms {alternate manuscript: the reign of Akšak was overturned},
{akšak^ki ^ĝištukul ba-sag3} {() akšak^ki-a bal-bi ba-kur2}
242
and its kingship
nam-lugal-bi
243
was carried off to Kiš.
kiš^ki-še3 ba-de6
244
In Kiš, Puzur-Suen,
kiš^ki-a puzur4-^dsuen
245
the son of Kug-Bau,
dumu kug-^dba-u2-ke4
246
was king; he ruled for 25 years.
lugal-am3 mu 25 i3-ak
247
Ur-Zababa,
ur-^dza-ba4-ba4
248
the son of Puzur-Suen,
dumu puzur4-^dsuen-/na\-ke4
249
ruled for 400 {alternate manuscript: 6} {alternate manuscript: 4 + …} years.
mu {400} {() 6} {() 4 + X} i3-ak
249A
131(?) years: the reign of Kug-Bau.
131^? mu /bal\ kug-ba-u2-/kam\
250
Zimudar {alternate manuscript: Ziĝu-iake} ruled for 30 {alternate manuscript: 30 + …} years.
{zi-mu-dar} {() zi-ĝu10-i3-/ak\-e} mu {30} {() 30 + X} i3-ak
251
Uṣi-watar, the son of Zimudar {alternate manuscript: Ziĝu-iake}, ruled for 7 {alternate manuscript: 6} years.
u2-ṣi2-wa-tar2 dumu {zi-mu-dar-ra-ke4} {() zi-/ĝu10\-i3-ak-e} mu {7} {() 6} i3-ak
252
Ištar-muti ruled for 11 {alternate manuscript: 17} years.
eš4-tar2-mu-ti mu {11} {() /17^?\} i3-ak
253
Išme-Šamaš ruled for 11 years.
iš-me-^dšamaš mu 11 i3-ak
253A
Šu-ilišu
šu-i3-li2-šu
253B
ruled for 15 years.
15 mu i3-ak
254
Nanniya, the stonecutter {alternate manuscript: Zimudar} {alternate manuscript: Beli-…}, ruled for 7 {alternate manuscript: 3} years.
{na-an-ni-ia zadim} {() zi-mu-dar} {() be-li-[…]} mu {7} {() 3} i3-ak
255
7 {alternate manuscript: 8} kings;
{7} {() 8} lugal
256
they ruled for 491 {alternate manuscript: 485} {alternate manuscript: 586} years.
mu-bi {491} {() 485} {() 586} ib2-ak
257
Then Kiš was defeated by force of arms {alternate manuscript: the reign of Kiš was overturned},
{kiš^ki ^ĝištukul ba-an-sag3} {() kiš^ki bal-bi ba-/kur2\}
258
and its kingship was carried off to Unug {alternate manuscript: the kingship was returned to Unug for a third time}.
{nam-lugal-bi unug^ki-še3 ba-de6} {() [nam]-/lugal^?\ a-ra2^? [3-kam-ma-še3] /unug^?^ ki-še3^?\ [ba-e-gur]}
259
In Unug, Lugal-zagesi
unug^ki-ga lugal-zag-ge-si
260
was king; he ruled for 25 {alternate manuscript: 34} years.
lugal-am3 mu {25} {() 34} i3-ak
261
1 king;
1 lugal
262
he ruled for 25 {alternate manuscript: 34} years.
mu-bi {25} {() 34} i3-ak
263
Then Unug was defeated by force of arms {alternate manuscript: the reign of Unug was overturned},
{unug^ki ^ĝištukul ba-an-sag3} {() unug^ki-ga bal-bi ba-kur2}
264
and its kingship
nam-lugal-bi
265
was carried off to Agade.
a-ga-de3^ki-še3 ba-de6
266
In Agade, Šarru-kin,
a-ga-de3^ki-a šar-ru-ki-in
267
whose father was a gardener,
ab-ba-ni nu-kiri6
268
the cupbearer of Ur-Zababa,
sagi ur-^dza-ba4-ba4
269
the king of Agade, the one who Agade
lugal a-ga-de3^ki lu2 a-ga-de3^ki
270
built {alternate manuscript: built up},
{mu-un-du3-a} {() mu-un-da-du3-a}
271
was king; he ruled for 56 {alternate manuscript: 55} {alternate manuscript: 54} years.
lugal-am3 mu {56} {() 55} {() 54} i3-ak
272
Rimuš, the son of Šarru-kin,
ri2-mu-uš dumu šar-ru-ki-in
273
ruled for 9 {alternate manuscript: 7} {alternate manuscript: 15} years.
mu {9} {() 7} {() 15} i3-ak
274
Maništišu,
ma-ni-iš-ti-iš-šu
275
the older brother of Rimuš,
šeš-gal ri2-mu-uš
276
the son of Šarru-kin,
dumu šar-ru-ki-in
277
ruled for 15 {alternate manuscript: 7} years.
mu {15} {() 7} i3-ak
278
Naram-Suen,
na-ra-am-/^d\[suen]
279
the son of Maništišu,
dumu ma-ni-iš-ti-iš-[šu]
280
ruled for 56 years.
mu () {56} i3-ak
281
Šar-kali-šarri,
šar-ka3-li2-šar-ri2
282
the son of Naram-Suen,
dumu na-ra-am-^dsuen
283
ruled for 25 {alternate manuscript: 24} years.
mu {() 25} {() 24} i3-ak
283A
157 years: the reign.
/157\ mu [bal]
283B
Šarru-kin(?).
/šar\-ru-ki2-nim
284
Who was king? Who was not king? {alternate manuscript (in Akkadian): “Who was king? Who was not king?”} {alternate manuscript: “Who was king? Who was king?”}
{a-ba-/am3 lugal\ a-ba-am3 nu lugal} ({(mss. L1+N1, P3+BT14 ḫave instead, in Akkadian:) ma-nu-um šar3 ma-nu-um la šar3)} {(ms. Su3+Su4 ḫas instead:) a-ba lugal a-ba lugal-am3}
285
Irgigi, king;
ir-gi4-gi4 lugal
286
Imi, king;
i-mi lugal
287
Nanum, king;
na-nu-um lugal
288
Ilulu, king —
i-lu-lu lugal
289
the four of them ruled for 3 years.
() {4-bi} () {3} mu /ib2\-ak
290
Dudu ruled for 21 years.
du-du mu 21 i3-ak
291
Šu-Durul, the son of Dudu,
šu-dur-ul3 dumu du-du-ke4
292
ruled for 15 {alternate manuscript: 18} years.
mu {15} {() 18} i3-ak
293
11 {alternate manuscript: 12} {alternate manuscript: 9} kings;
{11} {() 12} {() 9} lugal
294
they ruled for 181 {alternate manuscript: 197} {alternate manuscript: 161} {alternate manuscript: 177} years.
mu-bi {181} {() 197} {() 161} {() 177} ib2-ak
295
Then Agade was defeated by force of arms {alternate manuscript: the reign of Agade was overturned},
{a-ga-de3^ki ^ĝištukul ba-an-sag3} {() a-ga-de3^ki bal-bi ba-kur2}
296
and its kingship was carried off to Unug.
nam-lugal-bi unug^ki-še3 ba-de6
297
In Unug, Ur-niĝin was king;
unug^ki-ga ur-niĝin3 lugal-am3
298
he ruled for 7 {alternate manuscript: 3} {alternate manuscript: 15} {alternate manuscript: 30} years.
mu {7} {() 3} {() 15} {() 30} i3-ak
299
Ur-gigir, the son of Ur-niĝin,
ur-^ĝišgigir dumu ur-niĝin3-ke4
300
ruled for 6 {alternate manuscript: 7} {alternate manuscript: 15} {alternate manuscript: 7} years.
mu {6} {() 7} {() 15} {() 7} i3-ak
301
Kuda ruled for 6 years.
kud-da mu 6 i3-ak
302
Puzur-ili ruled for 5 {alternate manuscript: 20} years.
puzur4-i3-li2 mu {5} {() 20} i3-ak
303
Ur-Utu ruled for 6 years {alternate manuscript: Ur-Utu, the son of Ur-gigir, for 25 years} {alternate manuscript: Lugal-melam, the son of Ur-gigir, for 7 years}.
{ur-^dutu mu 6} {() ur-^dutu dumu ur-^ĝišgigir mu 25} {() lugal-me-lem4 dumu ur-^ĝišgigir mu 7} i3-ak
304
5 {alternate manuscript: 3} kings; they ruled for 30 {alternate manuscript: 43} {alternate manuscript: 26} {alternate manuscript: 47} years.
{5} {() 3} lugal mu-bi {30} {() /43^!\} {() 26} {() 47} ib2-ak
305
Then Unug was defeated by force of arms {alternate manuscript: the reign of Unug was overturned},
{unug^ki ^ĝištukul ba-an-sag3} {() unug^ki-ga bal-bi ba-kur2}
306
and its kingship
nam-lugal-bi
307
was carried off to the horde {alternate manuscript: the land} of Gutium.
{ugnim} {() /ma-da\} gu-tu-um^ki-še3 ba-de6
308
The horde {alternate manuscript: the land} of Gutium —
{ugnim} {() [ma]-/da\} gu-tu-um^ki
309
a king whose name is unknown;
lugal mu nu-tuku
310
Nita was king; he ruled for 3 years.
ni2-ta-a lugal-am3 mu 3 i3-ak
C
there was no king;
lugal nu-ub-tuku
D
by itself it ruled for 5 years.
ni2-bi-a mu 5 i3-ak
311
Inkišuš {alternate manuscript: …-gaba} ruled for 6 {alternate manuscript: 7} years.
{in-ki-šuš2} {() […]-/ga\-ba} mu {6} {() 7} i3-ak
312
Zarlagab ruled for 6 years.
zar2-lagab^la-gab mu 6 i3-ak
313
Šulme {alternate manuscript: Yarlagaš} ruled for 6 years.
{šul-me-e} {() ia-ar-la-ga-aš} mu 6 i3-ak
314
Silulumeš {alternate manuscript: Silulu} ruled for 6 {alternate manuscript: 7} years.
{si-lu-lu-me-eš} {() si-lu-lu} mu {6} {() 7} i3-ak
315
Inimabakeš ruled for 5 years {alternate manuscript: Duga, for 6 years}.
{i-ni-ma-ba-ke-eš mu 5} {() dug3-ga 6 mu} i3-ak
316
Igeš-auš ruled for 6 years {alternate manuscript: Ilu-An, for 3 years}.
{i-ge4-eš-a-uš mu 6} {() i-lu-AN mu 3} i3-ak
317
Yarlagab ruled for 15 {alternate manuscript: 5} years.
ia-ar-la-gab mu {15} {() 5} i3-ak
318
Ibate ruled for 3 years.
i-ba-te mu 3 i3-ak
319
Yarla {alternate manuscript: Yarlangab} ruled for 3 years.
{ia-ar-la} {() [ia]-/ar-la\-an-gab} mu 3 i3-ak
320
Kurum {alternate manuscript: …-bi} ruled for 1 {alternate manuscript: 3} years.
{ku-ru-um} {() […]-bi} mu {1} {() 3} i3-ak
321
Apil-kin ruled for 3 years.
/a\-pil-ki^?-in mu 3 i3-ak
322
La-erabum ruled for 2 years.
[la-e2]-ra-bu-um mu 2 i3-ak
323
Irarum ruled for 2 years.
i-ra-ru-um mu 2 i3-ak
324
Ibranum ruled for 1 year.
ib-ra-nu-um mu 1 i3-ak
325
Hablum ruled for 2 years.
ḫa-ab-lum mu 2 i3-ak
326
Puzur-Suen, the son of Hablum,
puzur4-^dsuen dumu ḫa-ab-lum
326A
ruled for 7 years.
mu 7 i3-ak
327
Yarlaganda ruled for 7 years.
[ia]-ar-la-ga-an-da mu 7 i3-ak
328
Si-U(?) ruled for 7 years.
[si]-/UD\ mu 7 i3-ak
329
Tiriga ruled for 40 days.
[ti-ri]-/ga\ ud 40 i3-ak
330
21 kings;
21 lugal
331
they ruled for 124 years and 40 days {alternate manuscript: 25 years}.
[mu-bi] {() 124 ud 40} {() 25} ib2-ak
332
The horde of Gutium —
ugnim gu-ti-um^ki
333
was defeated by force of arms {alternate manuscript: was destroyed},
{^ĝištukul ba-an-sag3} {() [ba]-/gul\}
334
and its kingship was carried off to Unug.
nam-lugal-bi unug^ki-še3 ba-de6
335
In Unug, Utu-hegal was king;
unug^ki-ga ^dutu-ḫe2-ĝal2 [lugal]-am3
336
he ruled for 420 years (7 × 60) and 7 days(?) … {alternate manuscript: 26 years, … months, 2 days, 15} {alternate manuscript: 7 years, 6 months and 15 days} {alternate manuscript: 7 years, 6 months and 5 days}.
mu {7 šu-ši 7 ud […]} {() 26 [itid X] + 2 ud 15} {() 7 itid /6\ ud [15]} {() 7 /itid 6 ud\ 5} i3-ak
337
1 king;
1 lugal
338
he ruled for 420 years (7 × 60) and 7 days(?) … {alternate manuscript: 7 (years), 6 months and 15 days} {alternate manuscript: 7 (years), 6 months and 5 days}.
mu-bi {7 šu-ši 7 /ud\ […]} {() [7] itid 6 ud 15} {() 7 itid 6 ud 5} i3-ak
339
Then Unug was defeated by force of arms,
unug^ki ^ĝištukul ba-an-sag3
340
and its kingship was carried off to Urim.
nam-lugal-bi urim2^ki-še3 ba-de6
341
In Urim, Ur-Namma was king;
urim2^ki-ma ur-^dnamma lugal-am3
342
he ruled for 18 years.
mu 18 i3-ak
343
Šulgi, the son of Ur-Namma,
^dšul-gi dumu ur-^dnamma-ke4
344
ruled for 46 {alternate manuscript: 48} {alternate manuscript: 58} years.
mu {46} {() 48} {() 58} i3-ak
345
Amar-Suena, the son of Šulgi,
^damar-^dsuen-na dumu ^dšul-gi-ke4
346
ruled for 9 {alternate manuscript: 25} years.
mu {9} {() 25} i3-ak
347
Šu-Suen, the son of Amar-Suena,
šu-^dsuen dumu ^damar-^dsuen-na-ke4
348
ruled for 9 {alternate manuscript: 7} {alternate manuscript: 20 + …} {alternate manuscript: 16} years.
mu {9} {() 7} {() 20 + X} {() 16} i3-ak
349
Ibbi-Suen, the son of Šu-Suen,
i-bi2-^dsuen dumu šu-^dsuen-ke4
350
ruled for 24 {alternate manuscript: 25} {alternate manuscript: 15} {alternate manuscript: 23} years.
mu {24} {() 25} {() 15} {() /23^?\} i3-ak
351
4 {alternate manuscript: 5} kings;
{4} {() 5} lugal
352
they ruled for 108 {alternate manuscript: 117} {alternate manuscript: 120 + …} {alternate manuscript: 123} years.
mu-bi {108} {() 117} {() 120 + X} {() 123} ib2-ak
353
Then Urim was defeated by force of arms {alternate manuscript: the reign of Urim was overturned},
{urim2^ki-ma ^ĝištukul ba-an-sag3} {() /urim2^ki\ bal-bi ba-an-kur2}
353A
the very foundation of Sumer was torn out.
suḫuš /ki\-[en-gi-ra] mu-/un\-[bu]
354
and its kingship was carried off to Isin.
nam-lugal-bi i3-si-in^ki-še3 ba-de6
355
In Isin, Išbi-Erra was king;
i3-si-in^ki-na iš-bi-^der3-ra lugal-am3
356
he ruled for 33 {alternate manuscript: 32} years.
mu {33} {() 32} i3-ak
357
Šu-ilišu, the son of Išbi-Erra,
šu-i3-li2-šu dumu iš-bi-^der3-ra-ke4
358
ruled for 20 {alternate manuscript: 10} {alternate manuscript: 15} years.
mu {20} {() 10} {() 15} i3-ak
359
Iddin-Dagan, the son of Šu-ilišu,
i-din-^dda-gan dumu šu-i3-li2-šu-ke4
360
ruled for 21 {alternate manuscript: 25} years.
mu {21} {() 25} i3-ak
361
Išme-Dagan, the son of Iddin-Dagan,
iš-me-^dda-gan dumu i-din-^dda-gan-ke4
362
ruled for 20 {alternate manuscript: 18} years.
mu {() 20} {() 18} i3-ak
363
Lipit-Ištar, the son of Išme-Dagan {alternate manuscript: Iddin-Dagan},
li-pi2-it-eš4-tar2 dumu {iš-me-^dda-gan-ke4} {() ^di-din-[^d]da-[gan]}
364
ruled for 11 years.
mu () {11} i3-ak
365
Ur-Ninurta {alternate manuscript: the son of Iškur — may he enjoy years of abundance, a good reign and a sweet life; may his days be long} ruled for 28 years.
^dur-^dnin-urta {() dumu ^diškur-ke4 mu ḫe2-ĝal2-la bal sag9-ga til3 niĝ2 dug3-ga [(X)] ud ḫa-ba-/zal\-[zal-e]} mu () {28} i3-ak
366
Bur-Suen, the son of Ur-Ninurta,
^dbur-^dsuen dumu ^dur-^dnin-urta-ke4
367
ruled for 21 years.
mu 21 i3-ak
368
Lipit-Enlil,
^dli-pi2-it-^den-lil2
369
the son of Bur-Suen, ruled for 5 years.
dumu bur-^dsuen-ke4 mu 5 i3-ak
370
Erra-imitti ruled for 8 {alternate manuscript: 7} years.
^der3-ra-i-mi-ti mu {8} {() 7} i3-ak
370A
… ruled … for 6 months(?).
/DA^?\ [X X X] (X) X itid 6 /in\-[ak]
371
Enlil-bani ruled for 24 years.
^den-lil2-ba-ni mu 24 i3-ak
372
Zambiya ruled for 3 years.
^dza-am-bi-ia mu 3 i3-ak
373
Iter-piša ruled for 4 years.
^di-te-er-pi4-ša mu 4 i3-ak
374
Ur-dukuga ruled for 4 years.
^dur-du6-kug-ga mu 4 i3-ak
375
Suen-magir ruled for 11 years.
^dsuen-ma-gir mu 11 i3-ak
375A
Damiq-ilišu, the son of Suen-magir, ruled for 23 years.
da-/mi\-iq-i3-li2-šu dumu ^dsuen-ma-gir mu 23 [in-ak]
376
14 kings (one manuscript reads 13);
14(source: 13) lugal
377
they ruled for 203 years {alternate manuscript: 225 years and 6 months}.
mu-bi {203} {() 225 itid 6} ib2-ak
378
In all, 39 kings
šu-niĝin2 40^!-la2-[1 lugal]
379
ruled for 14400 + [ … ] + 9 years, [3 months and 3½ days].
mu-bi /14400\ + [X] + 9 mu [3 itid 3 1/2 ud] ib2-ak
380
for the 4th time,
a-ra2 4-[kam]
381
within Kiš.
šag4 kiš[^ki]
382
In all, 22 kings
/šu-niĝin2\ 22 /lugal\
383
ruled for 2610 + [ … ] years, 6 months and 15 days,
mu-bi 2610 + [X] 6 itid 15 ud ib2-ak
384
for the 5th time,
a-ra2 5-kam
385
within Unug.
šag4 unug^ki-ga
386
In all, 12 kings
šu-niĝin2 12 lugal
387
ruled for 396 years,
mu-bi 396 mu ib2-ak
388
for the 3rd time,
/a-ra2\ 3-kam
389
within Urim.
[šag4] urim2^ki-ma
390
In all, 3 kings
/šu-niĝin2\ 3 lugal
391
ruled for 356 years,
mu-bi 356 mu ib2-ak
392
for the 1st time,
a-ra2 1-kam
393
within Awan.
šag4 a-wa-an^ki
394
In all, 1 king
[šu]-niĝin2 1 lugal
395
ruled for 420 years,
mu-bi 420 mu [i3]-ak
396
for the 1st time,
a-ra2 1-[kam]
397
within Hamazi.
šag4 /ḫa^?\-[ma]-/zi\^ki-a
414
In all, 12 kings
[šu-niĝin2 12] lugal
415
ruled for 60 + 137 years,
[mu-bi 60] + 137 [mu] ib2-ak
416
for the 1st time,
[a]-/ra2\ 1-kam
417
within Agade.
[šag4] /a\-ga-de3^ki
418
In all, 21 {alternate manuscript: 23} kings
/šu-niĝin2\ {21} {() 23} lugal
419
ruled for 125 years and 40 days {alternate manuscript: 99 years},
mu-bi {125 mu 40 ud} {() 99} ib2-ak
420
for the 1st time,
a-ra2 1-kam
421
within the horde
/šag4\ ugnim
422
of Gutium.
/gu\-ti-um^ki
423
In all, 11 {alternate manuscript: 16} kings
[šu-niĝin] {11} {() 16} lugal
424
ruled for 159 {alternate manuscript: 226} years,
[mu]-/bi\ {159} {() 226} mu ib2-ak
425
within Isin.
[šag4] [i]-/si-in\^ki-na
426
11 cities —
11 iri^ki
427
cities in which kingship was exercised.
[iri]/^ki\ nam-lugal-la /ib2\-ak-ka3
428
In all, 134 {alternate manuscript: 139} kings;
[šu]-niĝin2 {134} {() 139} lugal
429
in all,
[šu]-niĝin2
430
their years: 28800 + [ … ] + 76 {alternate manuscript: … + 3443}.
mu-bi {28800 + [X] + 76} {() X + 3443}
431
21.
/21\
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